Canine dental extraction is a common veterinary surgery that plays an important role in maintaining a dog’s oral health. One of the primary reasons for tooth extraction in dogs is periodontal disease, which is a severe form of gum disease that is especially prevalent among older dogs.
Reasons Dogs Need Dental Extractions
There are several reasons why a dog might need a tooth extraction, with periodontal disease being one of the most common. In this condition, bacteria infect and weaken the periodontal ligaments, which are the tissues that connect each tooth to its underlying bone. As the infection progresses, abscesses or pockets of infection can form between the tooth and the bone. Eventually, the tooth becomes loose in its socket and may fall out.
Diseased teeth with multiple roots can remain anchored as long as one root is relatively healthy. However, it is crucial to extract the diseased tooth to alleviate the infection. In addition to being uncomfortable and smelly, infections caused by periodontal disease can also increase the risk of infection in major organ systems if bacteria from the infected teeth enter the bloodstream.
Aside from periodontal disease, dental extraction may be necessary in cases of fractured teeth, deciduous teeth (baby teeth), oral trauma, oral tumors, and orthodontic abnormalities in dogs.
Alternatives to Tooth Extraction in Dogs
While tooth extraction is often necessary to treat infected roots, there are alternative options that motivated dog parents may consider. These options include root canal treatment, vital pulpectomy, and pediatric orthodontic care. However, advanced procedures like these require a consultation with a board-certified veterinary dentist to determine if they are suitable for your dog.
How a Canine Dental Extraction Is Performed
The process of canine dental extraction varies depending on the tooth and its unique characteristics. Some loose teeth can be easily extracted in one motion, while other cases may require more extensive surgery.
To remove a tooth, veterinarians follow these steps:
- Clean all teeth and gums.
- X-ray the affected areas or the entire mouth if necessary.
- Select the appropriate tooth or teeth for extraction.
- Administer a local anesthetic.
- Surgically create flaps in nearby tissue.
- Drill the tooth or teeth to isolate the roots and break down the attaching ligaments.
- Clean the space between the teeth and gums.
- Perform an X-ray to ensure all bits of the root have been removed.
- Close the flaps with stitches.
After the procedure, your veterinarian may apply a sealant to the tooth or teeth and prescribe antibiotics and pain relievers.
Full Mouth Extraction
Full mouth extraction is often recommended for dogs with advanced periodontal disease. While it may seem daunting, dogs can lead full and normal lives without teeth. Living without diseased teeth is always preferable. Although dogs who undergo full mouth extractions may require softer foods, they learn to eat well and thrive without oral pain and infection.
Recovering From a Canine Dental Extraction
Most dogs take around 48 to 72 hours to fully recover their activity level and appetite after a dental extraction. However, complete recovery involves the healing of the incision site and absorption of the stitches, which typically takes about two weeks.
During the recovery period, your veterinarian may recommend feeding your dog soft food, restricting their activity, and avoiding tooth brushing for several days to a week. After that, dogs can usually return to their normal eating and activity levels.
Prevention
Preventing the need for tooth extraction in dogs requires routine veterinary dentistry, daily teeth brushing, and taking precautions to prevent oral injuries. Dogs are typically ready for full dentistry exams by the age of two, but it is important to consult your veterinarian for the best timing. To prevent oral injury, limit your dog’s access to bones, rocks, and hard chewable items such as antlers and hooves. It’s also worth considering a dog food formulated to reduce plaque and tartar buildup. For more severe cases, consult your veterinarian about therapeutic dog food specifically formulated for your dog’s oral health.
For more information on canine dental health, visit Katten TrimSalon. Your furry friend deserves a healthy and happy smile!
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